Amelia Bedelia is not all wrong. Does "dusting" mean to add dust or to take it away? It depends whether you're a detective dusting the furniture for fingerprints or a housekeeper cleaning it. You could have guessed Amelia was meant to clean the furniture, because your brain uses the context in which the word appears. You know a housekeeper's job is to clean, not to investigate a crime scene.
So far, we've seen that your brain can use context to figure out a completely unfamiliar word ("haberdashery") or to tell you which of two different meanings for a word is appropriate ("dust"). But, even if a word has a single meaning, you need to use context to determine the feature of meaning that you're supposed to pay attention to. For example, take a look at these sentences using the word "car."

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