The ocean covers more than 72% of the Earth's surface and averages about 3,700 m in depth. How could we ever attempt to study such a large volume of water that contains so many different living things?
Oceanographers (scientists who study the ocean) use a number of different tools to study the ocean, spanning from satellites, an object in space that rotates around the Earth and on which sensors can be attached to observe the Earth that can observe the ocean's surface daily, to research vessels (there are currently about 400 vessels operated by 50 different countries ), to robots, an object that has some control of its own motion and on which sensors can be attached, that sink and rise periodically and are equipped with sensors, an object with electronic components that records signals generated from the environment around it (there are about 5,000 robots in use now). Most of these tools measure physical properties of the ocean, like the temperature and saltiness of the water, with nearly one in ten also collecting information about life in the ocean.

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